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4大雅思写作常见问题

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对症下药 这4大雅思写作常见问题不成问题,今天小编就给大家带来了4大雅思写作常见问题,希望能够帮助到大家,下面小编就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。

对症下药 这4大雅思写作常见问题不成问题

雅思写作常见问题之写作任务完不成

典型症状:背诵所谓“模板”、照搬“范文”,造成文不对题;开头冗长,言之无物;通篇内容空洞,未能按照题目的要求进行描述和归纳(小作文)或论述(大作文)。

主要病因:受中文写作思维惯性的影响,许多考生习惯把文章的开篇写得很华丽,但一大段话绕来绕去却并没有进入主题,又或者是因为受到误导而依赖“模板”、“范文”内的格式和句型,却忽略了考试题目中实际的作文要求而导致说“废话”。英文采用直线型切题的写作方式,开门见山很重要,把 重要的观点放在 前面,然后辅助以数据、论据等,这样可以确保在有限的篇幅和时间内完成沟通的交流目的。考生未能准确领悟题目要求,写起来不切题,也就无从“完成写作任务”。

小作文要求:“考生能否有效地找到信息中关键的内容并对之进行描述和写作”,考的是描述能力。在短短的150字左右的篇幅内,把图表内的每个信息都进行描述不可能,关键的是要把这些信息分组,然后挑出 重要的信息(比如 高的、 低的等)突出表述,归纳总结、简述趋势。

大作文方面:资料说考察“论点是否切中题目的要求、论证过程是否完整、论点是否得到了论据的支持;考生的观点是否清晰和有效”,考的是论述能力。其实,任何考试作文题考的都是写作能力,而不是考你的观点有多么正确。此外,要把观点表述得“清晰有效”也很考功夫。英文写作中注重言简意赅,特别是在篇幅有限的考试写作的环境下,更需要考生将自己的观点提纲挈领地表述出来,并通过使用主题句(每段的开头或结尾)或者是标志性词汇(如“the first/second/…/last reason is”等)清晰明了地指示出自己的观点。

对症下药:平时多进行英文阅读,重点可以看看两类文章,一是经济类的,看看人家是如何把数据进行分组、对比、归纳的;二是观点性的,学习人家如何呈现和分析观点。 关键的是不要光看就算,要做有心人,把文章中实用性的句、词汇、表达方法摘抄下来,这样才能日后为我所用。

雅思写作常见问题之缺乏连贯性 逻辑混乱

典型症状:句子之间没有关联;分段能力欠缺,不能把一个主题或观点的内容集中在一个段落;很少使用关联词、标志性词汇,组织比较松散。

主要病因:在考试时间的压力下,考生匆忙下笔,想到哪儿写到哪儿,导致整个文章结构松散。

对症下药:在学术环境下使用的文体上都还是讲究一定的格式和规范的,雅思的两个写作题也是如此。注重理清写作的思路要从平时练起,建议考生在平时练习的时候不要光注重写,也要注重分析自己的文章——回过头来看看有没有哪些句子可以重组、哪些地方需要加上关联词/标志性词语来加强连贯性。

在考试的时候,考生下笔之前应该先计划一下写作思路,花点时间把文章的架构搭好:如有很多信息点(小作文)或观点(大作文),一定要好好归纳一下,形成 重要的三四个,然后安排次序——先写(论)什么、再写(论)什么……依此类推,这样下笔不至于杂乱无章。

雅思写作常见问题之词汇贫乏使用不当

我们习惯了做对的事情,尽力避免出错,但遗憾的是我们最终长成了不知道如何去错的大人。

如果食物要靠试错才能惊艳到味觉,那没有办法去错的我们也许只能一直无功无过地活着。

典型症状:词汇贫乏,重复使用;刻意使用生僻词汇;对同义词、近义词的词义掌握不到家,导致用词不当;词组搭配错误。

主要病因:眼下中国考生在词汇方面确实在走两个极端,要不就是词汇匮乏,翻来覆去都是使用同样的词汇,缺乏同义替换的能力,要不就是词汇量比较大,有意识地在文章中堆砌一些难词、生词,但实际上是用词不当。

考生容易忽视词组搭配。很多时候考生知道要用什么词,但在组成词组时却一知半解, 终还是出错。比如都知道一日三餐怎么说,但与之搭配的动词究竟是什么却常被忽略。

对症下药:词汇贵精不贵多。平时在学习词汇的时候,考生可以考虑分写作话题积累相关词汇和句型,力求做到用词准确,避免重复。

在学习词汇的过程中,记住词义只是步。要把一个词的用法学到位,必须与字典为友,仔细察看英文意义,了解字的本义、引申义,掌握动词、名词、形容词、副词等词形变化,摘抄下与之搭配的词组,尊重英文思维产生的约定俗成的用法, 后自己再造一个句子进行练习,这样才能在用的时候避免出错。

雅思写作常见问题之准确度欠缺

典型症状:过于依赖作文模板,句法结构千篇一律;一味使用复杂的英文语法,为了追求长句子而不切实际地使用从句,却导致主语与动词之间的不一致;不会正确使用英文的标点符号。

主要病因:雅思对作文中的语法要求是:“考生使用语法结构多样、准确”,也要体现“多样”与“准确”之间的平衡关系。

中国考生常见的语法错误,从大的方面说包括时态错误、主谓不一致、谓语缺失、从句使用错误,从细节方面还有介词搭配不当、没有使用或错误使用冠词、不会使用英文的标点符号等。

对症下药:要摆脱中国式的语法结构,考生在平时写作中多练习使用从句和非谓语动词,注意句式的变化,积累各种句型和短语。在阅读文章时如果发现好的句式,也不妨摘抄下来自己分析一下。提高语法的准确性,不要光看大的方面,也要注重细节,可以和同学交换写作练习,互相批改涉及语法的句子,这是提高语法的一个好方法。

在考试的过程中一定要留出时间检查语法,针对上文谈到的常见语法错误,认真细心地过一遍,提高语法使用的准确性。

雅思写作高级表达 从定语从句正确使用开始

雅思写作定语从句之用法不当

很多中国考生认为因为which使用次数更少,所以在定语从句中which会比that使用分数更高,这其实是一个误区,因为which不能取代that在所有的定语从句中的使用。

A. 可共用的地方——指代一般物

例如:

The amount of the rubbish that we produce is increasing at an alarming rate.

在这句话中,that就可以用which取代,而且建议考生当that和which在定语从句中充当宾语的情况下能省略就省略。

再如:

The problem that has been under debate for several decades is that the basic facilities and infrastructure are unlikely to satisfy the needs of more tourists.

B. 不能共用的地方——只能用which,不能用that

例如:

Students living in their own homes would live a more comfortable life and have more opportunities to communicate with their parents, which has a beneficial impact on the development of their personal character.

再如:

Television, the most pervasive means of entertainment for the average public, is advancing towards an entirely new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which is likely to reshape the world.

在这两句话中,which都是不可以用that取代的,因为which在文章中指代的是前面的整句话,所以which后面的谓语动词用的也是单三形式。当which在从句里面用来表示前面整句话造成的影响时,which前面要用逗号,谓语动词用单数。

C. 只能使用that,不能使用which的地方

1. 当先行词为all、little、much、few、everything、none等不定代词时关系代词用that而不用which。

Many people hold the view that they can do nothing to protect the fragile environment, andeverything that does have good impacts on the environment can only be implemented with the political will.

There would be few that could pursue a career without future.

2. 当先行词既有人又有物时,关系代词用that,不用which。

There are a great number of ignorant people and large companies that sacrifice the environment to get the maximum profits.

The most important thing is concerned with the reaction of workers and factories that do not agree with this new scheme.

3. 当先行词有形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词用that,而不用which。

Many people have extraordinary willingness to bombard their brains with new experiences, while others avoid the latest things that they think would make them have the feeling of fear.

4. 当先行词有序数词修饰时,关系代词用that,不用which。

The first sight that was caught at the Great Wall has made a lasting impression on him.

The first impression that you leave to the interviewer is the most important thing that determines whether you are admitted by the company.

5. 当先行词被the only, the very, the same, the right等修饰时,关系代词用that,不用which。

Travelling exposes the students to a variety of cultures and natural beauty by themselves, the very experience that school education cannot provide to them.

This is the very hotel that we lived last year.

6. 当先行词被all, every, any, much, little, few, no等修饰时,关系代词用that,不用which。

Much of the blame that needs to be taken should be placed on tourists themselves, who foolishly clambered all over the revered Buddha statues.

Every child that has auditory deficit would have difficulty in learning to reach the maximum potential.

7. 当主句是以which开头的特殊问句时,定语从句关系代词一般用that而不用which.

Which of the books that had pictures was worth reading?

Many people wonder which of the problems that they are facing is the most pressing one and should be researched and solved immediately.

8. 指代人时,只可以使用that以及who,而不可以使用which。

In my opinion, there are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society, but only thosethat are adequately prepared and highly qualified can make full use of them.

that不可以用which取代,因为that前面的先行词是人,所以只能用that或者who来引导。

9. 在强调句型“It is ... that ...”中,只用that,不用which。

It is the lack of financial incentive that is responsible for the shortage of talents in the athletic field.

It is talent that determines whether a person can succeed in any field, particularly in theartistic and mathematic field.

雅思写作定语从句之高级表达用法

定语从句高分的用法——将定语从句转换成非谓语动词,修饰前面的先行词

例如:Those people who strongly support capital punishment have the following reasons.

改成:Those people strongly supporting capital punishment have the following reasons.

再如:Those students who study in a foreign country seem to be more self-confident,independent and well-informed.

改成:Those students studying in a foreign country seem to be more self-confident, independent and well-informed.

将从句中的关联词who去掉,从句的谓语动词变成了ing形式

例如:The buildings that were knocked down several years ago are with neither financial nor aesthetic values.

改成The buildings knocked down several years ago are with neither financial nor aesthetic values.

Foods that are exported from a foreign market are more expensive than the local products of the same kind.

改成Foods exported from a foreign market are more expensive than the local products of the same kind.

从句中的that照样去掉,从句的谓语动词由被动语态变成了过去分词。

例如:The forest and bush that have been cleared for agriculture are now suffering from soil erosion.

改成The forest and bush having been cleared for agriculture are now suffering from soil erosion.

从句中的that去掉,构成完成时态的have变成having,这与主被动没有关系。

3大雅思写作用词误区 小词汇有大能量

雅思写作用词误区之滥用大词,忽视语言准确度

由于雅思写作评分标准涉及高级词汇的运用及词汇使用的广度,有些考生就认为雅思写作中必须出现长词,难词,生僻词,否则不足以显示语言能力之强。

但是他们却忘记了,词汇的准确性更是考核的基础,用错了语境,这样的大词不止不是点睛,反而是败笔了。

比如想表达“广告造成盲目消费,影响很大”,有的考生选择用gigantic来形容严重性,然而,用来形容广告的负面影响这个词未免过于严重了。

下面再列举几个写作中的句子,童鞋们猜一下哪些词出现了使用不当的情况,以及怎样替换才能更准确地表达呢?

1) Some children are so selfish that they always engage in some malicious behaviors, like littering.

2) It is universally acknowledged that mobile phones are widely used in our daily life.

3) Children always obtain money from their parents.

例句1中,malicious一般用来形容本质出于恶意的行为,形容乱丢垃圾显然过大了,建议改为improper。

例句2中,universally acknowledged换为generally believed即可,不要因为看了傲慢与偏见就喜欢用那么复杂的英语。

例句3中,obtain换为get即可,不恰当的大词起到的只能是反效果。

童鞋们背单词的时候一定不能仅仅背其中文含义,还需要明确词汇的搭配和使用语境,用法得当才能锦上添花。

雅思写作用词误区之词性使用不当

很多考生背单词,由于只背意思和拼写而不注意词性,导致用词错误,而词性错误直接导致语法错误,连带下一项评分标准一起受影响,从而失分降档。

比如最常见的,表达“影响”的词“affect, effect”。许多考生搞不清楚前者为动词后者为名词,各种用错;再如表示“缺乏”的词组:lack of,考生想当然在前面加be动词,殊不知,lack当动词,名词都可以,唯独没有形容词的用法。

类似的还有表达“替代”的几个词:replace,instead和substitute。有些考生误以为三者都是动词,其实,instead 为副词,substitute既是及物动词,不及物动词,又是名词。

同样再举几个例子让大家感受下,你能否找出其中使用不当的词呢?

1) When the amount of supply beyond the market demand, the price will go down.

2) When one studies at home lonely, he or she will be less motivated.

3) With the number of cars increases sharply, traffic congestion has become more serious in urban areas.

上面三句分别出现了不当词性问题,需要做如下更改:

beyond改为exceeds

lonely改为alone

increases改为increasing

你答对了吗?

雅思写作用词误区之词汇使用单一,缺乏多样性

除了用词准确,想要取得理想的分数,我们还需要注意词汇多样性,即替换词汇的使用。如果反复重现同一个词,考官会认为该考生的词汇量很有限,比如小作文中常用的“上升”,如果考生多次用increase, 却没有替换,比如:“rise, grow, climb, rocket, soar, jump”等,整体语言就会显得单一。

因此,考生备考中还需要通过各种手段来避免重复和展现多样性,而所谓各种手段,常用的就是:同义词,反义词,词性转变,指代和派生等。

一篇7.5分的范文是这样论述的:

主题:表达应该对各种类型的犯罪采取固定处罚

On the one hand, fixed punishments will have a deterring effect on society. Individuals knowing that they will be subject to a certain punishment if they are convicted with a given crime, will reconsider committing thisact in the first place. This deterring effect also leads to social stability and security, through minimizing the number of crime committed. If people knewthey would be able to convince the court or the jury of a reason for having committed the crime they are accused of, penal decisions would be largely arbitrary. This would result into criminals getting away with their crimes and into a high level of injustice caused by the subjective approach of different courts.



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